Caesarean section (CS) rates in Australia and many countries worldwide are high and increasing, with elective repeat caesarean section a significant contributor. To determine whether midwifery continuity of care for women with a previous CS increases the proportion of women who plan to attempt a vaginal birth in their current pregnancy. A randomised controlled design was undertaken. Women who met the inclusion criteria were randomised to one of two groups; the Community Midwifery Program (CMP) (continuity across the full spectrum - antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum) (n=110) and the Midwifery Antenatal Care (MAC) Program (antenatal continuity of care) (n=111) using a remote randomisation service. Analysis was undertaken on an intention to treat basis. The primary outcome measure was the rate of attempted vaginal birth after caesarean section and secondary outcomes included composite measures of maternal and neonatal wellbeing. The model of care did not significantly impact planned vaginal birth at 36 weeks (CMP 66.7% vs MAC 57.3%) or success rate (CMP 27.8% vs MAC 32.7%). The rate of maternal and neonatal complications was similar between the groups. Model of care did not significantly impact the proportion of women attempting VBAC in this study. The similarity in the number of midwives seen antenatally and during labour and birth suggests that these models of care had more similarities than differences and that the model of continuity could be described as informational continuity. Future research should focus on the impact of relationship based continuity of care.Model of care did not significantly impact the proportion of women attempting VBAC in this study. The similarity in the number of midwives seen antenatally and during labour and birth suggests that these models of care had more similarities than differences and that the model of continuity could be described as informational continuity. Future research should focus on the impact of relationship based continuity of care. Sialocele and salivary fistula are recognised complications of parotid surgery and have been reported to be more common with less extensive parotidectomy. We investigated the efficacy of tissue sealant(Cunniffe etal., 2019) as an alternative to surgical drainage in terms of length of hospital stay (LOS), cost, and incidence of wound complications. The study comprised a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained parotidectomy database at a single tertiary Head and Neck referral centre between 2009 and 2020. Cases undergoing concomitant neck dissection or major skin resection were excluded. Patients were divided into Group 1 (without tissue sealant), and Group 2 (with tissue sealant). Patients were also divided based on extent of surgery 1) Extracapsular dissection/Partial superficial parotidectomy 2) Superficial/total parotidectomy. Of 202 included patients, there were 146 in Group 1 (143 with drain), and 56 in Group 2 (7 with drain). Compared to Group 1, Group 2 had a significantly shorter LOS (mean 1.4±0.98 versus 3.1±1.29 days, p<0.05) and estimated cost (€1386 versus €2736). There was no significant difference in the complication rates (15.8% Group 1 versus 10.7% Group 2, p=0.50). Group 1 showed a higher incidence of complications in patients undergoing less extensive parotidectomy (19/70 versus 4/76, p=0.02), whereas in Group 2, the difference was not significant (5/30 versus 1/26, p=0.20). The use of tissue sealant as an alternative to surgical drains after parotidectomy facilitates reduced LOS and cost savings without increase in morbidity. 3.3. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in major disruption to hip fracture services. This frail patient group requires specialist care, and disruption to services is likely to result in increases in morbidity, mortality and long-term healthcare costs. To assess disruption to hip fracture services during the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire was designed for completion by a senior clinician or service manager in each participating unit between April-September 2020. Selleckchem Alflutinib The survey was incorporated into existing national-level audits in Germany (n=71), Scotland (n=16), and Ireland (n=16). Responses from a further 82 units in 11 nations were obtained via an online survey. There were 185 units from 14 countries that returned the survey. 102/160 (63.7%) units reported a worsening of overall service quality, which was attributed predominantly to staff redistribution, reallocation of inpatient areas, and reduced access to surgical facilities. There was a high rate of redeployment of staff to ohealth and social care. Protection of hip fracture services is essential to ensure satisfactory outcomes for this vulnerable patient group. The goal of this study was to conduct a systematic review on the impact of in-hospital electronic/enhanced medication reconciliation compared to basic medication reconciliation on medication errors, discrepancies, and adverse drug events (ADEs). The study team searched for peer-reviewed English-language articles in EMBASE, OVID, and Scopus databases up to October 2019. Included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), pre-post, or interrupted time series designs with medication errors, discrepancies, or ADEs as an outcome, and medication reconciliation applied at hospital discharge. Basic medication reconciliation was defined as using a paper-based format, electronic medication reconciliation as using an electronic format, and enhanced medication reconciliation as incorporating additional interventions to reduce medication errors. Ten studies (three RCTs, one retrospective cohort study, two interrupted time series studies, three pre-post studies, and one longitudinal study) were identified, with six ansistency in study settings, interventions, and outcome definitions. Future studies with more rigorous designs and standardized outcome definitions would provide clarity on this topic.In a recent publication, Nayar et al. uncover specific inflammatory cell populations associated with Crohn's disease (CD) pathogenesis, and a gp130-STAT3 signaling axis linked to disease in anti-TNF antibody treatment-refractory patients. Therefore, gp130 blockade might represent a potential CD therapy approach, perhaps in conjunction with existing anti-TNF treatment regimes.