solani.Phosphogypsum (PG) is a solid waste generated from phosphate fertilisers industries. It represents a serious threat to the aquatic and terrestrial environment because of its acidity and its high content in heavy metals and radionuclides. The aim of this work is to describe the formation of PG during the synthesis of the phosphoric acid, the entrapment of Zinc (Zn) in PG and its lixiviation in presence of a natural organic matter extracted as powder from the cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) using physical and chemical characterisation techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, laser diffraction, and AAS. The formation of PG mainly occurs in the pH range between 4.6 and 3 and it accompanies the transformation of H2(PO4)- into phosphoric acid H3PO4. The maximal Zn incorporation within the PG was reached at pH 6 and decreased progressively with pH. Zinc was found to have a great tendency to migrate from PG particles to OFI's suspensions since a maximum Zn removal percentage of 93% was achieved.Influenza A viruses cause important diseases in both human and animal. The PB1-F2 protein is a virulence factor expressed by some influenza viruses. Its deleterious action for the infected host is mostly described in mammals, while the available information is scarce in avian hosts. In this work, we compared the effects of PB1-F2 in avian and mammalian hosts by taking advantage of the zoonotic capabilities of an avian H7N1 virus. In vitro, the H7N1 virus did not behave differently when PB1-F2 was deficient while a H3N2 virus devoid of PB1-F2 was clearly less inflammatory. Likewise, when performing in vivo challenges of either chickens or embryonated eggs, with the wild-type or the PB1-F2 deficient virus, no difference could be observed in terms of mortality, host response or tropism. PB1-F2 therefore does not appear to play a major role as a virulence factor in the avian host. However, when infecting NF-κB-luciferase reporter mice with the H7N1 viruses, a massive PB1-F2-dependent inflammation was quantified, highlighting the host specificity of PB1-F2 virulence. Surprisingly, a chimeric 71 H3N2 virus harboring an H7N1-origin segment 2 (i.e. expressing the avian PB1-F2) induced a milder inflammatory response than its PB1-F2-deficient counterpart. This result shows that the pro-inflammatory activity of PB1-F2 is governed by complex mechanisms involving components from both the virus and its infected host. Thus, a mere exchange of segment 2 between strains is not sufficient to transmit the deleterious character of PB1-F2.We attempt a gendered inspection of sex differentials in care following stroke in India using data from two rounds of NSSO. While almost all men and women receive allopathic care, a higher percentage of women (51.8%) were treated in public hospitals compared to men (32.6%) in 2014 and 2017-18 (45.8% vs 41.4%). Men were preponderantly treated in private hospitals (67.4%) compared to women (48.2%) in 2014 and 2017-18 (58.6% vs 54.2%). We provide evidence that for rehabilitation, at the highest decile for expenditure, men spend more than women. This preliminary exploration is indicative of a gendered dimension in care-seeking for stroke. Recently, therapeutic effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) as complementary and alternative medicine, used in the oncology field to control disease symptoms. Micro RNAs (miRs) are responsible for the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in the cell. This study aimed to evaluate the expression changes of miR-144 and miR-375 in the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS) under the exposure of ELF-EMF. AGS cells were exposed to magnetic flux densities of 0.2 and 2 mT for 18 h, continuously and discontinuously (1.5 h on/1.5 h off). Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Changes of miR-144 expression levels in AGS cells immediately after exposure and 18 and 36 h after the exposure cut-off was calculated by QRT-PCR. The cell viability of AGS cells was decreased under the exposure of 0.2 and 2 mT EMFs when compared to the control. Up-regulation of miR-144 and miR-375 were observed in AGS cells under the exposure of magnetic fields. The results indicated that the miR levels were significantly decreased 18 and 36 h after finishing the exposure, but not reached the normal range. The results of this investigation indicated that weak and moderate intermittent 50 Hz ELF-EMFs can induce changes in miRNA expression.The results indicated that the miR levels were significantly decreased 18 and 36 h after finishing the exposure, but not reached the normal range. The results of this investigation indicated that weak and moderate intermittent 50 Hz ELF-EMFs can induce changes in miRNA expression.Purpose To clarify the cut off value of blood CMV load to indicate CMV retinitis and its relationships with ocular features.Methods Patients were divided into non-CMV and CMV retinitis groups. A logistic regression model was applied to estimate the association of each variable with CMV retinitis. Spearman correlation was used to estimate the correlation between the blood and aqueous CMV load.Results Blood CMV load higher than 4log10 (OR, 6.897; CI 2.813-16.910; P less then .001) was the major predictor of CMV retinitis. Blood CMV load wasn't different between the initial and early stage (P = .066). No correlation was observed between the blood and aqueous CMV load (P = .083, r = 0.228).Conclusions Blood CMV load higher than 4log10 is an important predictor for CMV retinitis in HIV/AIDS patients, but it couldn't indicate the ocular features. Ophthalmologic screening is still necessary.Abbreviations CMV Cytomegalovirus; CMVR Cytomegalovirus retinitis; HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus; AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; ART Antiretroviral therapy; EOD End-organ diseases; PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction; OR Odds Ratio; CI 95% Confidence Interval; IQR Interquartile range.Helicobacter pylori infection is linked to serious gastric-related diseases including gastric cancer. However, current therapies for treating H. this website pylori infection are challenged by the increased antibiotic resistance of H. pylori. Therefore, it is in an urgent need to identify novel targets for drug development against H. pylori infection. In this study, HP0860 gene from H. pylori predicted to encode a D-glycero-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase (GmhB) involved in the synthesis of ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose for the assembly of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the inner core region was cloned and characterized. We reported HP0860 protein is monomeric and functions as a phosphatase by converting D-glycero-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate into D-glycero-D-manno-heptose-1-phosphate with a preference for the β-anomer over the α-anomer of sugar phosphate substrates. Subsequently, a HP0860 knockout mutant and its complementary mutant were constructed and their phenotypic properties were examined. HP0860 knockout mutant contained both mature and immature forms of LPS and could still induce significant IL-8 secretion after gastric AGS cell infection, suggesting other enzymatic activities in HP0860 knockout mutant might be able to partially compensate for the loss of HP0860 activity.