There is more that unites them than divides them. Although the over-arching focus of our results are on the few variables that distinguish them, the vast majority (80%+), of the 180+ variables showed no significant difference. We discuss implications for threat assessment and management in the context of these results. Allostatic load (AL), defined as the overtime "wear and tear" on biological systems due to stress, disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minorities and has been shown to associate with racial inequality in oral health in the adult population. This study aims to assess racial/ethnic inequality in AL and untreated dental caries (UD) in children, and to assess the association between allostatic load and UD, and whether it varies by race/ethnicity. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2001-2010) for 8-17-year-old children (n=11,378) was used. AL scores were generated using cardiovascular, metabolic and immune biomarkers. Multivariable log binomial regression models adjusted for age, sex, poverty income ratio (PIR), health insurance status and the frequency of healthcare visits, were used to assess the relationships of interest. Racial/ethnic inequality was evident in UD and AL, where Mexican American and black children exhibited more UD and a higher AL score than white. AL was associated with UD in fully adjusted models. This association was significant across all racial/ethnic groups, but was stronger in Mexican American and black children, compared to their white counterparts. Similar racial inequality is evident in AL and UD that is not explained by poverty and/or behavioral factors. Racial/ethnic inequality is also evident in the association between AL and UD.Similar racial inequality is evident in AL and UD that is not explained by poverty and/or behavioral factors. Racial/ethnic inequality is also evident in the association between AL and UD.Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that destroys the tooth-supporting tissues and eventually leads to tooth loss. As one of the most prevalent oral conditions, periodontitis endangers the oral health of 70% of people throughout the world. Periodontitis is also related to various systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, which not only has a great impact on population health status and the quality of life but also increases the social burden. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a gram-negative oral anaerobic bacterium that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis can express various of virulence factors to overturn innate and adaptive immunities, which makes P. gingivalis survive and propagate in the host, destroy periodontal tissues, and have connection to systemic diseases. Porphyromonas gingivalis can invade into and survive in host tissues by destructing the gingival epithelial barrier, internalizing into the epithelial cells, and enhancing autophagy in epithelial cells. Deregulation of complement system, degradation of antibacterial peptides, and destruction of phagocyte functions facilitate the evasion of P. gingivalis. Porphyromonas gingivalis can also suppress adaptive immunity, which allows P. gingivalis to exist in the host tissues and cause the inflammatory response persistently. Here, we review studies devoted to understanding the strategies utilized by P. gingivalis to escape host immunity. Methods for impairing P. gingivalis immune evasion are also mentioned. Whether periodontitis increases the risk of diabetic microangiopathy remains controversial. The present meta-analysis aims to investigate the relationship between periodontitis and diabetic microangiopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and WanFang data were searched without language restrictions. The methodological quality of the studies included was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale method, and meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.3. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the risk of periodontitis for diabetic microangiopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes. Thirteen cross-sectional studies, covering 10570 participants, were included in the present meta-analysis. AEBSF in vitro The results demonstrated that periodontitis was associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetic microangiopathy (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.65-3.56), diabetic retinopathy (OR 4.33, 95% CI 2.19-8.55), and diabetic nephropathy (OR 1thy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This conclusion may provide useful evidence for correlated clinical researches. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021247773.The plant antioxidant system plays important roles in response to diverse abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the effects of virus infection on host redox homeostasis and how antioxidant defense pathway is manipulated by viruses remain poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) γb protein is recruited to the chloroplast by the viral αa replicase to enhance viral replication. Here, we show that BSMV infection induces chloroplast oxidative stress. The versatile γb protein interacts directly with NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC), a core component of chloroplast antioxidant systems. Overexpression of NbNTRC significantly impairs BSMV replication in Nicotiana benthamiana plants, whereas disruption of NbNTRC expression leads to increased viral accumulation and infection severity. To counter NTRC-mediated defenses, BSMV employs the γb protein to competitively interfere with NbNTRC binding to 2-Cys Prx. Altogether, this study indicates that beyond acting as a helicase enhancer, γb also subverts NTRC-mediated chloroplast antioxidant defenses to create an oxidative microenvironment conducive to viral replication.Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction (LVHT) is associated with arrhythmias. Guidelines for prevention of sudden cardiac death by implanted cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) also apply to LVHT-patients. Right ventricular perforation by the ICD-lead is a matter of concern. Subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) may overcome disadvantages of transvenous ICD in patients without a need for pacing therapy. We report a LVHT-patient with arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease with an anterior-wall myocardial infarction 2004 and stroke without neurological deficits in 2018. Since ejection fraction of 33% remained unchanged despite bisoprolol, sacubitril/valsartan and spironolactone, he was treated with S-ICD for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death.