However, further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of TV campaigns against smoking, in terms of habits and knowledge in young people.In summary, this study showed that the communication strategies most effective, according to the students interviewed, are those that give clear messages with a scientific profile or that discover the false stereotypes, as in the video "Icons". However, further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of TV campaigns against smoking, in terms of habits and knowledge in young people. Sedentary lifestyle is spreading among children living in urban settings. Recent studies in urban health investigated the effects of built environment on children's physical activity, focusing on the concept of "walkability", an index of how much an area is conducive to walking and active transportation. We decided to browse the literature in order to review all possible tools and methods by which walkability has been evaluated and measured. We conducted a qualitative review of the literature in agreement with PRISMA guidelines, searching three medical databases for papers published between January 1994 and July 2017. Inclusion criteria were primary studies, population ≤18 years and exposure variable as an assessment of walkability or built environment. We retrieved 1,702 articles and included 195 of them in the final review. Most of the studies were cross-sectional (n=188, 96.4%). We identified two possible approaches and four main tools to address walkability measurement. A subjective method approach was used in 71 studies (36.4%), an objective method in 87 (44.6%). Only 37 studies (19.0%) used both. Main tools were survey (n=70, 35.9%), Geographic Information System (GIS) (n=64, 32.8%), street audits (n=11, 5.6%) and Walk-score™ (n=3, 1.5%). Forty-six studies (23.4%) used mixed methods. Environmental variables' assessment and definition was found to vary greatly by method of choice. We found a high degree of heterogeneity regarding methods and measurements of walkability. A standard approach regarding tools and environmental variables' choice and definition will be advisable in order to allow comparisons among studies. Also, more longitudinal studies are needed.We found a high degree of heterogeneity regarding methods and measurements of walkability. A standard approach regarding tools and environmental variables' choice and definition will be advisable in order to allow comparisons among studies. Also, more longitudinal studies are needed. Vaccinations are recognized as the best primary prevention strategy to counteract infectious diseases. this website However, in recent years, there has been a decrease in the immunization rate, particularly among children and teenagers. Several strategies have been tested to circumvent the issue. Among them, there was the re-introduction of vaccination practices in schools. The literature shows that introducing immunization projects in schools has increased vaccination rates in children and teenagers, but the role of the school nurse in these settings has never been evaluated. To determine whether the role of the school nurse, within the school vaccination projects, does have a positive impact on the rate of immunization's compliance. Narrative review. Studies of primary, secondary and gray literature were included, researched on Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Science Citation Index and Web of Science. Nine articles based on studies conducted in different educational instituf the school nurse plays a crucial role in increasing the rate of adhesion to immunization's programme for school-age children. However, in several countries, including Italy, this figure was present in the past but does not exist now. The lack of the school nurse's role in these countries does not allow the activation of programs focused on this figure's capacity. The purpose of the study was to analyse the trend for post-abortion check-ups among users requesting the abortion certification from Trento Family Planning Center between 2003 and 2017. Retrospective case-control study. During the study period, the Trento Family Planning Center issued a total of 3,870 abortion certificates (46% regarding foreign nationals). The social and demographic characteristics of those users who attended the post-abortion check-up appointments, and of those who did not, were compared. The proportion of resident users who returned for a post-abortion check-up increases significantly during the study period. The multiple logistic regression analysis model indicates that the factors associated with the likelihood of a return for a post-abortion check-up are possession of medium to high academic qualifications (> 8 years) versus low qualifications, being a non-EU or Asian citizen, being a minor and being nulliparous or multiparous versus primiparous. According to Family Planning Centers' philosophy, post-abortion check-ups are a good opportunity for promoting responsible procreation. The strategy for the management of the Trento Family Planning Center's users requesting an abortion led to an increase of the proportion of users who returned for the post-abortion check-up greater than is the case for other territorial Family Planning Centers.According to Family Planning Centers' philosophy, post-abortion check-ups are a good opportunity for promoting responsible procreation. The strategy for the management of the Trento Family Planning Center's users requesting an abortion led to an increase of the proportion of users who returned for the post-abortion check-up greater than is the case for other territorial Family Planning Centers. Waiting time for outpatient specialist care is an ever-present problem for all Countries with a universal healthcare system. In Italy, information about waiting times must be available on all websites belonging to public health agencies and healthcare structures. The aim of the present descriptive study is to evaluate the accessibility and quality of such information on websites of all public health agencies and healthcare structures in Lombardy Region. All websites belonging to 8 health agencies (ATS), 27 public hospitals (ASST), 4 research and teaching hospitals (IRCCS) were analyzed using a newly designed 30-item checklist. The items were scored 0/1 and grouped in five categories Accessibility, Architecture, Content, Interactivity, Utility. In all, 76.3% of websites reported their waiting times directly, but three did not update data at least monthly as required by current legislation. Less than half of websites provided information aimed at raising awareness and tackling no-shows, and only 10.5% explained the role of private practice in public structures when maximum waiting times are exceeded.